Musique Concrète - Jozef Malovec - Orthogenesis (1966/1967)

Anthony Kenny on Medieval Philosophy

Lyonel Feininger - "Die Bark I"

 

two arpeggios and two pads, evolving

Wittgenstein and Locke--a very brief note

Wittgenstein can help us clarify Locke's problems with language in the Essay, but can Wittgenstein's methods help us to understand the Two Treatises or The Letter on Toleration?

 

In the First Treatise, Locke is simply giving Robert Filmer a much-needed Bible lesson. In the Second Treatise, Locke presents a picture of human nature and human history, offering suggestions on how we might build institutions to protect that world view and the people in it. It's all politics. With a nod to political science, in the classroom we must unpack the Second Treatise wearing the hats of anthropologists and historians.

 

Methodologically--perhaps--Wittgenstein shows that Locke's remarks and recommendations in the Second Treatise are not matters for philosophers to argue over but are rather the stuff of political debate: matters that are introduced in grammar schools and settled in Parliaments--and upon battlefields.

 

Not sure if this reflects Wittgenstein's methodology, but he might agree with Locke. And would he say that when it comes to cosmological foundations, Hobbes's materialism is unproven scientifically (indeed, laughable--and so toxic as to merit contempt and ridicule?), while Locke's skepticism in discussing the "science" of cosmology and physics is the appropriate response to the subject--and still is, I should add.

 

Which leads to a related question regarding contempt and laughing at Hobbes. What are we to say to our colleagues who, with much fanfare and middle-brow sanctimony, actually think that Hobbes' cosmology/physics and anthropology is "scientific" or "the settled science"? 

 

Talking a step back from the whole thing: where Wittgenstein most agrees with Locke--perhaps--is in using language diplomatically to bring people together and "gently" suggest rather than to argue forcefully or stridently. As Peter Laslett (if I recall correctly) suggests, if The Letter on Toleration represents the foundations of Locke's approach, then the most important thing philosophers can do is bring people together--and agree that there is some "truth" out there, and that we should work to find it, though, alas, we might never arrive at it. Nor should we expect to... Meanwhile, what can we do to improve each other's lives?

 

Hobbes--and his ilk, and there are a lot of them--ape the patterns of civil discourse, but rather than advancing the interests of people in society, they rather advance the interests of cohorts, elites, viral mass-formation cult behaviors and the special interests of parties who use human society as a means to their own ends.  

In answer to the question that opens this note, it seems that Wittgenstein offers very little, except the model of a very rich and eccentric man who is sometimes outspoken, but who otherwise is addressing a cohort of university intellectuals rather than society.  And by society (I should have said this earlier) I mean of course Locke's definition of human society, which forms because it is a characteristic of human nature, and which therefore proceeds the state.

Please click HERE for a brief note on Locke and Hobbes.

 

John Locke

 

Plans and Productions

The second and third books of the Invisible Tower Trilogy will be published soon.  Click the cover image on the right to view a description of the first  book, Echoes.

Horace Jeffery Hodges' collection of poems (with commentary) about the 20th century poet "Extra Pound" is in process.

Once these books are published, expect a Call for Emanations 10.

Laurie Spiegel playing Bell Labs Hal Alles Synth (1977)

Can we use logic to prove a moral proposition?

Here is an idea that occurred to me as I sought an "easy" way to explain G.E. Moore's "Naturalistic Fallacy." Unfortunately, Moore's arguments are a bit cloudy.  His arguments sum up in the phrase, "You can't get an ought from an is."  He is of course reflecting on Hume's manipulations of "ought-is."

The question is, can you use logic to prove a moral proposition? A logical proof might suggest that the moral proposition is scientifically proven or scientifically irrefutable, and therefore incontrovertible.

But compare:

Two and two is four.

Stealing is wrong.

The word is is different in the two formulations.  In the first statement, is means is equal to.  In the second formulation, is means should be, or, better, must be. They are not the same word.  

Yes, I agree that stealing is wrong, but can I use logic to prove it?

It is possible to prove an analytic proposition where is is used to present a logical relationship  (in this instance having to do with numbers); but logic is not--nor can it be--provable in a proposition about what we should or must do.

Morality is rather "proven" through upbringing, tradition, culture, and personal conviction (or personal indifference, alas).

Any questions?

Hyperbolic Excess

Houseways in Southern Oman by Marielle Risse

Essays and poetry by Marielle Risse have appeared in Emanations II-V and VII-IX.

Her new book is Houseways in Southern Oman. It follows her Foodways in Southern Oman (Routledge 2020) and Community and Autonomy in Southern Oman (Palgrave Macmillan 2019). Click the cover image to view a description of the new book:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Professor Risse (WEBSITE) teaches literature at Dhofar University in Salalah, Oman. Her areas of research are connecting Middle Eastern and Western writers and intercultural communication/competence. She is a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. Her work has been published in The Chronicle of Higher Education, The Washington Post, Travel Culture (Praeger) and, most recently, the “Reader’s Guide” of Khadija al-Thahab’s Stories of My Grandmother (Sultan Qaboos Cultural Center).

Canyons on Charon

Please click HERE for a short piece on canyons on Pluto's moon Charon.

Green Lasers From Space

green lasers from space

coax speculations unbound

haiku solution

The Shaolin Afronauts - Journey Through Time

MeOM

Richard Kostelanetz on Intellectual and Cultural History

Writing on the subject of “Intellectual History” in The Dictionary of the Avant-Gardes, Richard Kostelanetz draws a distinction between “Cultural History” and “Intellectual History.”   

Kostelanetz tells us that Cultural History “records the art and thought of one or another circumscribed groups.” Intellectual History is distinguished as “the best that is thought and thus most likely to be remembered on the largest stage.” The short entry concludes, “Most of this Dictionary aims to be Intellectual History” (209-210).

Earlier, in an article on “Cultural Wars,” Kostelanetz observes the term arose originally as a legitimate form of protest over injustices driven by race, geography and gender “(but never religion or age).” These protests, writes Kostelanetz, “distracted from the more profound, more historic, more continuing conflicts between the commercial and the non-commercial, between mediocrity and excellence, and between establishments and the avant-gardes” (100).

A tremendous resource. Please click the cover image to view the Amazon description:

Mars Ancient and Modern

Michael Butterworth's Complete Poems 1965-2020 has been published. Also: Butterworth audio recording...

The following notice is from Space Cowboy books:

For more than fifty years Michael Butterworth, better known for his work as a writer, editor and publisher, has also been a quiet unobtrusive voice in poetry, with roots lying both in the small press poetry journals of the sixties and seventies and in New Wave of Science Fiction. His work is distinguished as much for the restless intelligence, wit and intimacy of his voice as a determination, shown in many of these poems, to paint metaphorical pictures of the perils we face due to our poor regard for the fragile biosphere in which we live. In other poems, he finds, within the events of an ordinary life, scope for the transcendent, and in still others his use of nonsense and absurdity playfully captures the moment, puncturing the illusions of the self. Across his work, elements are reiterated but endlessly transfigured –

The effect is at once familiar and yet profound, in language that has the confessional qualities and simplicity of early influences such as Sylvia Plath and the Beats, and the later influence of Zen poets such as Ryōkan. Occasionally the writing is startlingly radical – a reminder of the poet’s beginnings in the New Wave.

A collection such as this one from Space Cowboy Books is overdue, and Complete Poems: 1965-2020 brings to more deserving attention a less heard voice in modern poetry

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please click HERE for the hardback.

Please click HERE for the paperback.

Also available: a recording of Mr. Butterworth reading his poems, with music by Phog Masheeen, Julie Carpenter, Field Collapse, Jean-Paul Garnier & As Deviants Stagger.  

 

 

 

 

Please click HERE.