Milton's project is to take the Independent Calvinist worldview and from it render a secular anthropological and political understanding. This worldview is "modern" in the sense that religion and the power of the church are mitigated (first) by knowledge and scientific skepticism and (second) by constitutional policy that denies magisterial power to churches. Magisterial power is reserved exclusively to the state--this is the substance of Locke's Letter on Toleration and Jefferson's Virginia Act of Religious Freedom. In this particular and others, Milton laid the groundwork for Locke and Jefferson, who carried Milton's project forward, refining the modern worldview by defining and designing institutions--education, balance of powers, property and labor rights, natural rights, the obligations of governments and the duties of citizens, a free press, the fair and equitable distribution of wealth, and so on--that would establish and maintain the processes of an open, free and liberal society.
Tuesday, August 31, 2010
Monday, August 30, 2010
Jefferson on the Presumption of Uninspired Men
"The impious presumption of legislators and rulers, civil as well as ecclesiastical, who being themselves but fallible and uninspired men, have assumed dominion over the faith of others, setting up their own opinions and modes of thinking as the only true and infallible, and as such endeavouring to impose them on others, hath established and maintained false religions over the greatest part of the world, and through all time."
—Thomas Jefferson, The Virginia Act of Religious Freedom
Monday, August 23, 2010
Political Science: 1933 & 34
Hitler addresses the folk, 1933:
Hitler addresses the party, 1934:
It is important to note the following distinction:
1) The 1933 speech was for public consumption and rolls out the talking points and especial "codes" that lead the party to power.
2) The 1934 speech addresses NAZI Party concerns, which rather comes off as a mix of corporate religion and politics.
While the former speech is of interest to history, the latter is of interest to political science.
It's clear to see in the 1934 speech (and I have seen this described elsewhere) that Hitler set party members against each other to enhance the "strength" and "integrity" of the power structure, as well as to enhance his position at the top.
In regard to Hitler's language, figures of speech and logic in the 1934 party speech: The subtitles either represent a poor translation, or this is indeed the face of ruptured sense and meaningless language, the very mark of totalitarian madness.
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